How to Help Your Loved Ones with Deep Vein Thrombosis: Understanding and Support

Deep Vein Thrombosis

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Deep vein thrombosis and aging

Deep vein thrombosis, abbreviated as DVT, is a multicausal disease. It appears to be a common problem among the aging adult population. Characterized by the development of blood clots in the leg’s deep veins, DVT can get serious if not treated on time. The condition usually affects the thighs and lower legs, but in some cases can also affect other parts of the body. Initiating treatment at the correct hour is essential to prevent fatal reactions. DVT is the third most common form of cardiovascular disease after a heart attack and stroke. Advancing age appears to be the most potent risk factor for developing DVT. Adults aged 60 years and above are at an increased risk of developing the condition. As the life expectancy rate increases, the world will also witness a rise in cases of DVT. Furthermore, your loved ones are susceptible to developing other medical conditions such as COPD, acute infections, congestive heart failure, and atherosclerotic vascular disease, which may increase their risk of developing DVT.

Understanding deep vein thrombosis

The most common sites of deep vein thrombosis remain the lower legs and thighs, but as already explained, the blood clot may also form in other parts of the body in some cases. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute state that blood clots in the thighs are most likely to break loose and travel to the lungs, giving rise to a condition known as pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism also requires prompt treatment, which may result in fatal consequences. Dealing with this day out and being careful not to irritate the condition any further can cause strain on you as the caregiver. Here are some great books to help you now.
How common is DVT?
Statistics show that DVT is a common problem, claiming millions of lives yearly. According to the data presented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, estimates that as high as 900,000 Americans each year develop deep vein thrombosis; of these, 60,000 – 100,000 die from the disease.
Deep vein thrombosis differs from the blood clot in the superficial veins, sometimes called superficial thrombophlebitis. This condition is, however, less dangerous than DVT and does not affect the lungs. Superficial blood clots are often successfully treated with NSAIDs, warm compresses, and bed rest.

Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis

Here are six risk factors for developing DVT in older people (aged = 65 years). These include:
  • Being immobile
  • A prior complaint of DVT
  • Edema of the lower limbs
  • Paralysis or paresis of lower limbs
  • Acute heart failure
  • Advancing age
In addition to the risk mentioned above factors. Several studies have also confirmed lung fibrosis as one of the contributory factors for DVT. Furthermore, recent research trials have also given the following risk factors for DVT.

Causes of deep vein thrombosis

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition characterized by the formation of a blood clot, or thrombus, in one of the deep veins in the body, typically in the legs. The primary cause of deep vein thrombosis is a combination of several factors, including:

  1. Prolonged immobility: Staying immobile for extended periods, such as during long flights or car rides or being bedridden for illness or after surgery, can increase the risk of DVT. Immobility slows down blood circulation, making it easier for blood to pool and clot in the veins.
  2. Venous damage: Injury or damage to the inner lining of the veins can contribute to the formation of blood clots. This can occur due to trauma, surgery, or other underlying conditions.
  3. Hypercoagulability: Certain conditions and factors can increase the clotting tendency of blood, leading to a higher risk of DVT. These include inherited blood clotting disorders, cancer, hormone replacement therapy, pregnancy, obesity, smoking, and certain medications.
  4. Previous history of DVT: If an individual has had DVT in the past, their risk of developing another episode is higher.
  5. Age: DVT becomes more common as people age, as the risk factors and medical conditions associated with DVT tend to increase.
  6. Genetics: Some genetic mutations can make an individual more prone to blood clot formation, such as factor V Leiden mutation and prothrombin gene mutation.

It’s important to note that DVT can occur spontaneously without any identifiable cause. In some cases, multiple risk factors may be present simultaneously, increasing the likelihood of developing deep vein thrombosis. If you suspect you have DVT or have concerns about your risk factors, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

Symptoms of deep vein thrombosis

In the initial stages, deep vein thrombosis often does not produce any symptoms. So, as caregivers, you need to understand that DVT would not give any warning signals before its development. Also, what is more alarming is that signs and symptoms are when the clot has traveled to the lungs. This becomes a dangerous situation, indicating the need for prompt action. Here is a list of symptoms to recognize the disease early. Furthermore, if your loved ones have the habit of sitting for long periods or are obese, then it is all the more necessary to check for the following signs:
  • Experiencing pain or some tenderness in the leg during standing or walking
  • The affected area has discoloration along with swelling
  • Heartbeat is rapid
  • Pain in the chest while breathing
  • Sudden onset of cough
  • Difficulty in breathing
  • Fainting
However, as already explained, your loved ones with deep vein thrombosis may not always exhibit the abovementioned symptoms. And, even if they do, the symptoms can more often be with the onset of other common diseases. Symptoms usually develop when the clot has traveled to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism. In such cases, the symptoms would include:
  • Pain in the chest
  • Shortness of breath
  • Sudden onset of chest pain
  • Coughing up blood
  • Sweating and lightheadedness

Preventing Deep vein thrombosis

Preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) involves reducing the risk factors and adopting specific preventive measures. Here are some strategies that can help prevent DVT:

  1. Stay active and exercise regularly: Regular physical activity helps promote blood circulation and prevents blood from pooling in the veins. Engage in activities such as walking, swimming, or cycling, especially if you have a sedentary lifestyle or are immobile for extended periods.
  2. Move and stretch during long periods of inactivity: If you have to sit or stand for long periods, try to move your legs and try them at regular intervals. Simple leg exercises, like flexing and extending your ankles, can help improve blood flow.
  3. Maintain a healthy weight: Excess weight can increase the risk of DVT. Maintain a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise.
  4. Avoid prolonged immobility: When traveling or sitting for long periods, take breaks and move around every 1-2 hours. This is especially important during long flights, car rides, or train journeys.
  5. Stay hydrated: Drink adequate water to maintain good blood circulation.
  6. Quit smoking: Smoking increases the risk of DVT. If you smoke, consider quitting to improve your overall vascular health.
  7. Manage underlying medical conditions: If you have conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, or heart disease, work with your healthcare provider to manage them effectively, as these conditions can contribute to DVT risk.
  8. Wear compression stockings: Compression stockings can help prevent blood from pooling in the lower legs and reduce the risk of DVT. Consult your doctor to determine if compression stockings are suitable for you and to get the right fit.
  9. Discuss preventive measures during hospital stays: If you are admitted to the hospital, especially for surgery, discuss with your healthcare team about preventative measures for DVT, such as medications or intermittent pneumatic compression devices.
  10. Follow medication instructions: If prescribed anticoagulant medications, such as blood thinners, take them as directed by your healthcare provider.

It’s important to note that these preventive measures may not eliminate the risk of DVT, especially in individuals with certain predisposing factors. If you are at high risk or have concerns about DVT, it is advisable to consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and recommendations.

Treating Deep vein thrombosis

The use of anticoagulants forms the primary line of treatment for DVT. For this, oral warfarin and intravenous heparin remain the first choice of drugs. However, with advancements in the medical industry, oral anticoagulants have treated more acute cases of DVT. In addition, these drugs are more beneficial for your loved ones living in remote areas with inadequate medical facilities.

Take-home tips for caregivers to help their elderly

It is well-known that advancing age is one of the most significant risk factors for developing DVT. Coupled with immobilization, inactivity, and other disease conditions, The chances of DVT increase to a great extent. Therefore, to ensure proper mobilization throughout the day, we must encourage our loved ones to move around after every 30 minutes of sitting. In addition, there are specific tips for caregivers to take care of their loved ones with DVT.
  • You need to make your loved ones sit in a way that facilitates proper blood flow to the lower part of the legs.
  • Never place pillows under the knees to avoid a sharp curve from forming.
  • While resting, the feet should be raised; a footstool can help with this.
  • Remind your loved ones to move around every 30 minutes. And teach them some simple exercises which they can do while sitting.
  • Remind them to move their legs regularly to facilitate proper blood flow.
  • A pedal exerciser can help to keep their circulation going as well.

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Conclusion

It can be prevented only if you and your loved ones know what to look for. Some of the symptoms might seem obvious, but others can easily be mistaken for others – and you should always know what to look for if you have your family’s best interests at heart. Go to your doctor for regular check-ups and scans to make sure your general health is in tip-top shape; keep an eye on the contraindications and side effects of all prescribed and over-the-counter medications you take to know if DVT can be a potential worry; exercise regularly and follow a healthy, natural diet overall – your body will thank you!

Attending to your loved one with DVT can be challenging, but it’s not impossible. With the proper knowledge, you can do this. Remember to care for yourself and keep your business going while caregiving. I’m here to assist you on this journey; schedule your planning session with me so we can look at how to keep your life and your business running smoothly.

 

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